2024年5月18日 星期六

把JSON格式的線上火車時刻表儲存到Excel檔案中

參考資料：陳會安，看圖學Python+Excel辦公室自動化程式設計，全華

資料來源：https://fchart.github.io/json/TaiwanRailway.json

範例一、使用 pandas 套件來處理和儲存資料到 Excel 檔案

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import requests
import json
import pandas as pd

# 從URL取得JSON資料
r = requests.get('https://fchart.github.io/json/TaiwanRailway.json')
json_data = json.loads(r.text)

# 轉換成DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame(json_data)

# 儲存到Excel檔案
df.to_excel('TaiwanRailway.xlsx', index=False)

print("資料已儲存到 TaiwanRailway.xlsx")

註：index=False 表示不將 DataFrame 的索引寫入到 Excel 檔案中。

範例二、使用 openpyxl 套件直接操作 Excel 文件

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import requests
import json
from openpyxl import Workbook

# 從URL取得JSON資料
r = requests.get('https://fchart.github.io/json/TaiwanRailway.json')
json_data = json.loads(r.text)

# 建立一個新的Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws.title = "TaiwanRailway"

# 寫入標題行
headers = ['車種車次 (始發站 → 終點站)', '出發時間', '抵達時間', '行駛時間', '經由', '詳細資訊', '全票', '孩童票', '訂票']
ws.append(headers)

# 寫入資料
for item in json_data:
    row = [
        item.get('車種車次 (始發站 → 終點站)'),
        item.get('出發時間'),
        item.get('抵達時間'),
        item.get('行駛時間'),
        item.get('經由'),
        item.get('詳細資訊'),
        item.get('全票'),
        item.get('孩童票'),
        item.get('訂票')
    ]
    ws.append(row)

# 儲存到Excel檔案
wb.save('TaiwanRailway.xlsx')

print("資料已儲存到 TaiwanRailway.xlsx")

範例三、使用 openpyxl 套件直接操作 Excel 文件[不使用get] 
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import requests
import json
from openpyxl import Workbook

# 從URL取得JSON資料
r = requests.get('https://fchart.github.io/json/TaiwanRailway.json')
json_data = json.loads(r.text)

# 建立一個新的Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws.title = "TaiwanRailway"

# 寫入標題行
headers = ['車種車次 (始發站 → 終點站)', '出發時間', '抵達時間', '行駛時間', '經由', '詳細資訊', '全票', '孩童票', '訂票']
ws.append(headers)

# 寫入資料
for item in json_data:
    row = [
        item['車種車次 (始發站 → 終點站)'],
        item['出發時間'],
        item['抵達時間'],
        item['行駛時間'],
        item['經由'],
        item['詳細資訊'],
        item['全票'],
        item['孩童票'],
        item['訂票']
    ]
    ws.append(row)

# 儲存到Excel檔案
wb.save('TaiwanRailway.xlsx')

print("資料已儲存到 TaiwanRailway.xlsx")


張貼者： 於 沒有留言:
標籤： , , ,

2024年5月11日 星期六

在pythonanywhere設計Django網站的登入功能加上圖形驗證

上一篇文章：在pythonanywhere設計Django網站的登入功能

1.安裝django-simple-capcha套件


2.新增captchas APP到mysite/mysit/setting.py

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"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.0.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-8c5r7ez2#g2j5n@yxeczdyhw6-zwgj_l64=nark$wc_mn+kf*4'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['cmlin.pythonanywhere.com']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'bootstrap5',
    'myapp',
    'captcha',
]

CAPTCHA_NOISE_FUNCTIONS = (
    #'captcha.helpers.noise_null', #没有樣式
    'captcha.helpers.noise_arcs', #線
    'captcha.helpers.noise_dots', #點
)

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR/'templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

# default static files settings for PythonAnywhere.
# see https://help.pythonanywhere.com/pages/DjangoStaticFiles for more info
MEDIA_ROOT = '/home/cmlin/mysite/media'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/home/cmlin/mysite'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    BASE_DIR/'static',
    ]

2.修改mysite/mysite/urls.py

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"""mysite URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import include
from myapp.views import index, vegetable, fruit, post1, post2, edit, login, logout, register

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', index),
    path('index/', index),
    path('vegetable/', vegetable),
    path('fruit/', fruit),
    path('post1/', post1),
    path('post2/', post2),
    path('edit/<int:id>/',edit),
    path('edit/<int:id>/<str:mode>', edit), # 由 edit.html 按 送出 鈕
    path('login/', login),
    path('logout/', logout),
    path('register/', register),
    path('captcha/', include('captcha.urls')),
]

3.修改mysite/myapp/froms.py

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from django import forms
from captcha.fields import CaptchaField

class PostForm(forms.Form):
	image = forms.CharField(max_length=20,initial='')
	title = forms.CharField(max_length=20,initial='',required=False)
	subtitle = forms.CharField(max_length=20,initial='',required=False)

class PostForm2(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(max_length=20,initial='')
    pd = forms.CharField(max_length=20,initial='')
    captcha = CaptchaField()

4.修改mysite/myapp/views.py

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from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from myapp.models import vegetableDB
from myapp.forms import PostForm, PostForm2
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate
from django.contrib import auth
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.http import HttpResponse

# Create your views here.
def index(request):
    slide1 = {'image':'fruits01.jpg', 'active':'active', 'interval':'10000', 'title':'水果01', 'subtitle':'好水果在雲林'}
    slide2 = {'image':'fruits02.jpg', 'active':'', 'interval':'2000', 'title':'水果02', 'subtitle':'好水果在雲林'}
    slide3 = {'image':'fruits03.jpg', 'active':'', 'interval':'3000', 'title':'水果03', 'subtitle':'好水果在雲林'}
    slides = [slide1, slide2, slide3]
    if 'login' in request.session:
        login = request.session['login']
    else:
        login = 0
    return render(request, 'index.html', locals())

def vegetable(request):
    vegetables = vegetableDB.objects.all().order_by('id')
    return render(request, 'vegetable.html', locals())

def fruit(request):
    return render(request, 'fruit.html', locals())

def post1(request):
	if request.method == "POST":
		image1 = request.POST['image']
		title1 =  request.POST['title']
		subtitle1 =  request.POST['subtitle']
		#新增一筆記錄
		unit = vegetableDB.objects.create(image=image1, title=title1, subtitle=subtitle1)
		unit.save()
		return redirect('/')
	else:
		message = '請輸入資料(資料不作驗證)'
	return render(request, "post1.html", locals())

def post2(request):  #新增資料，資料必須通過驗證
	if request.method == "POST":  #如果是以POST方式才處理
		postform = PostForm(request.POST)  #建立forms物件
		if postform.is_valid():			#通過forms驗證
			image1 = postform.cleaned_data['image'] #取得表單輸入資料
			title1 =  postform.cleaned_data['title']
			subtitle1 =  postform.cleaned_data['subtitle']
			#新增一筆記錄
			unit = vegetableDB.objects.create(image=image1, title=title1, subtitle=subtitle1)
			unit.save()
			return redirect('/')
		else:
			message = '驗證碼錯誤！'
	else:
		message = 'image, title, subtitle'
		postform = PostForm()
	return render(request, "post2.html", locals())

def edit(request,id=None,mode=None):
	if mode == "edit":  # 由 edit.html 按 submit
		unit = vegetableDB.objects.get(id=id)  #取得要修改的資料記錄
		unit.image=request.GET['image']
		unit.title=request.GET['title']
		unit.subtitle=request.GET['subtitle']
		unit.save()  #寫入資料庫
		return redirect('/vegetable/')
	else: # 由網址列
		try:
			unit = vegetableDB.objects.get(id=id)  #取得要修改的資料記錄
		except:
			message = "此 id不存在！"
		return render(request, "edit.html", locals())

def login(request):
	if request.method == 'POST':
	    postform2 = PostForm2(request.POST)
	    if postform2.is_valid():
	        name = postform2.cleaned_data['username']
	        password = postform2.cleaned_data['pd']
	        user = authenticate(username=name, password=password)
	        if user is not None:
	            if user.is_active:
	                auth.login(request,user)
	                message = '登入成功！'
	                request.session['login']=1
	                return redirect('/index/')
	            else:
	                message = '帳號尚未啟用！'
	                request.session['login']=0
	    else:
	        request.session['login']=0
	        return redirect('/index/')
	else:
		postform2 = PostForm2()
	return render(request, "login.html", locals())

def logout(request):
	auth.logout(request)
	request.session['lgoin']=0
	return redirect('/index/')

def register(request):
	if request.method == 'POST':
		name = request.POST['username']
		first_name = request.POST['first_name']
		last_name = request.POST['last_name']
		password = request.POST['password']
		email = request.POST['email']
		user = authenticate(username=name, password=password)
		try:
		    user=User.objects.get(username=name)
		except:
		    user=None
		if user!=None:
		    message = user.username + " 帳號已建立!<a href='/index/'>Home</a>"
		    return HttpResponse(message)
		else:	# 建立 test 帳號
		    user=User.objects.create_user(name,email,password)
		    user.first_name=first_name
		    user.last_name=last_name
		    user.is_staff=True
		    user.save()
		    return redirect('/index/')
	return render(request, "register.html", locals())

5.修改mysite/templates/login.html

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<html>
<form action="." method="POST" name="form1">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <div>帳號：{{postform2.username}}</div>
    <div>密碼：{{postform2.pd}}</div>
    <div>驗證碼：{{postform2.captcha}}</div>
    <div>
    <input type="submit" name="button" id="button" value="登入" />
    </div>
    <span style="color:red">{{message}}</span>
</form>
<h2><a href='/register/'>註冊</a></h2>
</html>

6.執行migrate指令

7.執行結果：


張貼者： 於 沒有留言:
標籤： , ,

2024年5月10日 星期五

在pythonanywhere使用Python和Django設計落花生農產品交易行情網站

參考文章：

請先按第一篇文章建立Django網站，並參考第二篇文章的爬蟲程式。

完整程式如下：

1.mysite/mysite/settings.py

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"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.0.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-3j-#(vzts_r-tw_@j!)o3kk6777%n#p9#@+8gtgx^dwdqs+vmn'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['chengmin.pythonanywhere.com', 'data.coa.gov.tw']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'myapp',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

# default static files settings for PythonAnywhere.
# see https://help.pythonanywhere.com/pages/DjangoStaticFiles for more info
MEDIA_ROOT = '/home/chengmin/mysite/media'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/home/chengmin/mysite/static'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    BASE_DIR/'static',
    ]

2. mysite/mysite/urls.py

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"""mysite URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import index

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', index)
]

3.mysite/myapp/views.py

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from django.shortcuts import render
import requests
import json

# Create your views here.

def index(request):
#    proxies = {'http': 'proxy.server:3128', 'https': 'proxy.server:3128'}
    r = requests.get('https://data.moa.gov.tw/Service/OpenData/FromM/FarmTransData.aspx')
#    r = str(r).strip("'<>() ").replace('\'', '\"')
    peanut = json.loads(r.text)
    rows = []
    for row in peanut:
        if row['作物名稱'] is None:
            continue
        if '落花生' in row['作物名稱']:
            rows.append(row)
    return render(request, "index.html", locals())

4.mysite/templates/index.html


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<html>
<head>
<TITLE>
尚虎雲產銷平台
</TITLE>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<h1>
尚虎雲產銷平台
</h1>

</center>
{% for row in rows %}
{% if forloop.first %}
<table style='width:100%' border='1'>
<caption><h2>落花生市場交易情形</h2></caption>
<tr><th>交易日期</th><th>作物代號</th><th>作物名稱</th><th>市場代碼</th><th>市場名稱</th><th>上價</th><th>中價</th><th>下價</th><th>平均價</th><th>交易量</th></tr>
{% endif %}
<tr>
<td><center>{{ row.交易日期 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.作物代號 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.作物名稱 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.市場代號 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.市場名稱 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.上價 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.中價 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.下價 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.平均價 }}</center></td>
<td><center>{{ row.交易量 }}</center></td>
</tr>
{% if forloop.last %}
</table>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</body>

</html>


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2024年5月9日 星期四

用Python來撰寫顯示吳郭魚在斗南市場交易情形的程式

開放資料：漁產品交易行情

1.程式碼：

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import requests
import json
r = requests.get('https://data.moa.gov.tw/Service/OpenData/FromM/AquaticTransData.aspx')
text = json.loads(r.text)
for row in text:
    if '吳郭魚' in row['魚貨名稱'] and '斗南' in row['市場名稱']:
        print ('交易日期:'+row['交易日期'])
        print ('品種代碼:'+str(row['品種代碼']))
        print ('魚貨名稱:'+row['魚貨名稱'])
        print ('市場名稱:'+row['市場名稱'])
        print ('上價:'+str(row['上價']))
        print ('中價:'+str(row['中價']))
        print ('下價:'+str(row['下價']))        
        print ('交易量:'+str(row['交易量']))
        print ('平均價:'+str(row['平均價']))

2.執行結果：
交易日期:1130509
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:82.0
中價:76.9
下價:72.0
交易量:1559.1
平均價:76.9
交易日期:1130508
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:82.0
中價:74.9
下價:67.3
交易量:1620.9
平均價:74.8
交易日期:1130507
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:82.0
中價:77.2
下價:65.6
交易量:1890.9
平均價:75.8
交易日期:1130505
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:83.1
中價:82.4
下價:82.0
交易量:1771.6
平均價:82.4
交易日期:1130504
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:82.0
中價:81.7
下價:77.4
交易量:1989.9
平均價:80.9
交易日期:1130503
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:85.2
中價:83.1
下價:82.0
交易量:1622.4
平均價:83.3
交易日期:1130502
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:84.2
中價:82.0
下價:82.0
交易量:1397.8
平均價:82.4
交易日期:1130501
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:82.0
中價:76.4
下價:71.5
交易量:1691.7
平均價:76.5
交易日期:1130430
品種代碼:1011
魚貨名稱:吳郭魚
市場名稱:斗南
上價:84.1
中價:81.5
下價:77.0
交易量:1725.0
平均價:81.1

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2024年5月7日 星期二

使用Python和Django設計落花生農產品交易行情網站


參考文章：使用Python和Django設計百香果農產品交易行情網站

1.安裝Django套件


2.建立Django專案和應用程式


3.開啟瀏覽器，輸入127.0.0.1:8000


3.修改peanut/peanut/settings.py，黃底字是新增的指令。

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"""
Django settings for peanut project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 5.0.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure--zjwskz2!r4a(-)ck#db$_44trhc%b0v()e(vd9_2n)srub#cl'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'peanutapp',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
 ]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'peanut.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'peanut.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hant'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Taipei'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'
STATIC_DIRS = [
    BASE_DIR / 'static',
]
# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

4.修改peanut/peanut/urls.py

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"""
URL configuration for peanut project.

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from peanutapp.views import index

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', index),
]

5.新增index函式在peanut/peanutapp/views.py

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from django.shortcuts import render
import requests
import json

def index(request):
    r = requests.get('https://data.coa.gov.tw/Service/OpenData/FromM/FarmTransData.aspx')
    peanuts = json.loads(r.text)
    rows = []
    for row in peanuts:
        if row['作物名稱'] is None:
            continue
        if '落花生' in row['作物名稱']:
            rows.append(row)
    return render(request, "index.html", locals())

6.新增index.html到peanut/templates

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<html>
<head>
	<TITLE>
		尚虎雲產銷平台
	</TITLE>
</head>
<body>
	<center>
		<h1>尚虎雲產銷平台</h1>
		<h2>執行單位:<a href="http://www.nkut.edu.tw">國立虎尾科技大學 電機資訊學院</a></h2>
	</center>
	{% for row in rows %}
		{% if forloop.first %}
			<table style='width:100%' border='1'>
				<caption><h2>落花生市場交易情形</h2></caption>
				<tr>
					<th>交易日期</th>
					<th>作物代號</th>
					<th>作物名稱</th>
					<th>市場代碼</th>
					<th>市場名稱</th>
					<th>上價</th>
					<th>中價</th>
					<th>下價</th>
					<th>平均價</th>
					<th>交易量</th>
				</tr>
		{% endif %}
				<tr>
					<td><center>{{ row.交易日期 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.作物代號 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.作物名稱 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.市場代號 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.市場名稱 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.上價 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.中價 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.下價 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.平均價 }}</center></td>
					<td><center>{{ row.交易量 }}</center></td>
				</tr>
		{% if forloop.last %}
			</table>
		{% endif %}
	{% endfor %}
</body>

</html>

7.執行結果：
如文章開頭的圖片。
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2024年5月6日 星期一

自動化下載網路圖檔

參考資料：陳會安，看圖學Python+Excel辦公室自動化程式設計，全華

1.下載單一圖檔

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import requests
from PIL import Image

url = "https://csie.nfu.edu.tw/images/虎科大-資工系-t-w-LOGO-x.png"
path = "LOGO.png"
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
    with open(path, 'wb') as fp:
        for chunk in response:
            fp.write(chunk)
    print("LOGO圖檔已經下載")
    im = Image.open(path)
    im.show()
else:
    print("錯誤! HTTP請求失敗...")

執行結果：
LOGO圖檔已經下載



2.下載兩個png圖檔

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import requests
from PIL import Image

url = ["https://csie.nfu.edu.tw/images/虎科大-資工系-t-w-LOGO-x.png",
       "http://nfuee.nfu.edu.tw/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/nfu-logo.png"]
path = "LOGO"
for i, pic in enumerate(url):
    response = requests.get(pic)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        with open(path+str(i+1)+".png", 'wb') as fp:
            for chunk in response:
                fp.write(chunk)
        print("LOGO", i+1,"圖檔已經下載")
        im = Image.open(path+str(i+1)+".png")
        im.show()
    else:
        print("錯誤! HTTP請求失敗...")

執行結果：
LOGO 1 圖檔已經下載
LOGO 2 圖檔已經下載





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2024年5月2日 星期四

將圖片剪裁成8*8的小圖

1.原始圖片


2.撰寫程式

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from PIL import Image

im = Image.open("rural.jpg")
for i in range(8):
    for j in range(8):
        im2 = im.crop((128*i,128*j,128*(i+1),128*(j+1)))
        im2.save("rural_croped"+str(i)+str(j)+".jpg")

3.執行結果：

































































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